Biodosimetry References List


Biodosimetry Used for Treatment Decisions

  1. Port M, Ostheim P, Majewski M, et al. Rapid High-Throughput Diagnostic Triage after a Mass Radiation Exposure Event Using Early Gene Expression Changes. Radiat Res. 2019;192(2):208-218. [PubMed Citation]
  2. Abend M, Port M. Contribution of biodosimetry to different medical issues. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2018 Dec 20. [PubMed Citation]
  3. Khvostunov IK, Saenko VA, Krylov V, Rodichev A, Yamashita S. Cytogenetic biodosimetry and dose-rate effect after radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer. Radiat Environ Biophys. 2017 Aug;56(3):213-226. [PubMed Citation]
  4. Sproull MT, Camphausen KA, Koblentz GD. Biodosimetry: A Future Tool for Medical Management of Radiological Emergencies. Health Secur. 2017 Nov/Dec;15(6):599-610. [PubMed Citation]
  5. Sproull M, Camphausen K. State-of-the-Art Advances in Radiation Biodosimetry for Mass Casualty Events Involving Radiation Exposure. Radiat Res. 2016 Nov;186(5):423-435. [PubMed Citation]
  6. Coleman CN, Koerner JF. Biodosimetry: Medicine, Science, and Systems to Support the Medical Decision-Maker Following a Large Scale Nuclear or Radiation Incident. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2016 Jul 29. [PubMed Citation]
  7. Milner EE, Daxon EG, Anastasio MT, Nesler JT, Miller RL, Blakely WF. Concepts of Operations (CONOPS) for Biodosimetry Tools Employed in Operational Environments. Health Phys. 2016 Apr;110(4):370-9. [PubMed Citation]
  8. Sullivan JM, Prasanna PG, Grace MB, Wathen LK, Wallace RL, Koerner JF, Coleman CN. Assessment of biodosimetry methods for a mass-casualty radiological incident: medical response and management considerations. Health Phys. 2013 Dec;105(6):540-54 [PubMed Citation]
  9. Flood AB, Nicolalde RJ, Demidenko E, Williams BB, Shapiro A, Wiley AL Jr, Swartz HM. A Framework for Comparative Evaluation of Dosimetric Methods to Triage a Large Population Following a Radiological Event. Radiat Meas. 2011 Sep 1;46(9):916-922. [PubMed Citation]
  10. Riecke A, Ruf CG, Meineke V. Assessment of radiation damage-the need for a multiparametric and integrative approach with the help of both clinical and biological dosimetry. Health Phys. 2010 Feb;98(2):160-7. [PubMed Citation]
  11. Swartz HM, Flood AB, Gougelet RM, Rea ME, Nicolalde RJ, Williams BB. A critical assessment of biodosimetry methods for large-scale incidents. Health Phys. 2010 Feb;98(2):95-108. [PubMed Citation]
  12. Alexander GA, et al., BiodosEPR-2006 Meeting: Acute dosimetry consensus committee recommendations on biodosimetry applications in events involving uses of radiation by terrorists and radiation accidents. Radiat Meas. 2007 July;42(6-7):972-96.
  13. Goans RE, Holloway EC, Berger ME, Ricks RC. Early dose assessment in criticality accidents. Health Phys. 2001;81:446-9. [PubMed Citation]
  14. Dainiak N, Berger P, Albanese J. Relevance and feasibility of multi-parameter assessment for management of mass casualties from a radiological event. Exp Hematol. 2007 Apr;35(4 Suppl 1):17-23. [PubMed Citation]
  15. Chao NJ. Accidental or intentional exposure to ionizing radiation: biodosimetry and treatment options. Exp Hematol. 2007 Apr;35(4 Suppl 1):24-7. [PubMed Citation]
  16. Albanese J, Martens K, Karkanitsa LV, Dainiak N. Multivariate analysis of low-dose radiation-associated changes in cytokine gene expression profiles using microarray technology. Exp Hematol. 2007 Apr;35(4 Suppl 1):47-54. [PubMed Citation]
  17. Fliedner TM. Nuclear terrorism: the role of hematology in coping with its health consequences. Curr Opin Hematol. 2006 Nov;13(6):436-44. [PubMed Citation]
  18. Moulder JE. Post-irradiation approaches to treatment of radiation injuries in the context of radiological terrorism and radiation accidents: a review. Int J Radiat Biol. 2004 Jan;80(1):3-10. [PubMed Citation]

top of page


Software Used for Radiation Biodosimetry

AFRRI

See also: REMM Tool for Dose Estimation which uses algorithm from BAT.

MULTIBIODOSE

HemoDose (NASA)

Germany Research Consortium

 

See also: Software tools for: Estimating Internal Contamination and Managing Decorporation

top of page


Dicentric Chromosome Assay as a Biodosimetry tool: Utility and Limitations

  1. Port M, Pieper B, Dorr HD, Hubsch A, Majewski M, Abend M, Correlation of Radiation Dose Estimates by DIC with METRPOL Hematological Classes of Disease Severity. Radiat Res. 2018 May;189(5):449-455. [PubMed Citation]
  2. Manivannan B, Kuppusamy T, Venkatesan S, Perumal V. A comparison of estimates of doses to radiotherapy patients obtained with the dicentric chromosome analysis and the γ-H2AX assay: Relevance to radiation triage. Appl Radiat Isot. 2018 Jan;131:1-7. [PubMed Citation]
  3. Liu J, Li Y, Wilkins R, Flegal F, Knoll JHM, Rogan PK. Accurate cytogenetic biodosimetry through automated dicentric chromosome curation and metaphase cell selection. F1000Res. 2017 Aug 9;6:1396. [PubMed Citation]
  4. Shirley B, Li Y, Knoll JHM, Rogan PK. Expedited Radiation Biodosimetry by Automated Dicentric Chromosome Identification (ADCI) and Dose Estimation. J Vis Exp. 2017 Sep 4;(127). [PubMed Citation]
  5. Kumar AAA, Bakkiam D, Sonwani S, Seenisamy R, Sivasubramanian K, Venkatraman B. Comparison of dicentric dose response curves of 6MV LINAC X-rays and 60Co γ-rays for biodosimetry application. Appl Radiat Isot. 2017 Nov;129:124-129. [PubMed Citation]
  6. Romm H, Beinke C, Garcia O, Di Giorgio M, Gregoire E, Livingston G, Lloyd DC, Martìnez-Lopez W, Moquet JE, Sugarman SL, Wilkins RC, Ainsbury EA. A New Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Image Repository for the Dicentric Assay. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2016 Dec;172(1-3):192-200. [PubMed Citation]
  7. Romm H, Ainsbury E, Barnard S, Barrios L, Barquinero JF, Beinke C, Deperas M, Gregoire E, Koivistoinen A, Lindholm C, Moquet J, Oestreicher U, Puig R, Rothkamm K, Sommer S, Thierens H, Vandersickel V, Vral A, Wojcik A. Validation of semi-automatic scoring of dicentric chromosomes after simulation of three different irradiation scenarios. Health Phys. 2014 Jun;106(6):764-71. [PubMed Citation]
  8. Blumenthal DJ, Sugarman SL, Christensen DM, Wiley AL, Livingston GK, Glassman ES, Koerner JF, Sullivan JM, Hinds S. Role of dicentric analysis in an overarching biodosimetry strategy for use following a nuclear detonation in an urban environment. Health Phys. 2014 Apr;106(4):516-22. [PubMed Citation]
  9. Ainsbury EA, Vinnikov VA, Puig P, Higueras M, Maznyk NA, Lloyd DC, Rothkamm K. Review of Bayesian statistical analysis methods for cytogenetic radiation biodosimetry, with a practical example. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2013 Nov 25. [PubMed Citation]
  10. Romm H, Ainsbury E, Barnard S, Barrios L, Barquinero JF, Beinke C, Deperas M, Gregoire E, Koivistoinen A, Lindholm C, Moquet J, Oestreicher U, Puig R, Rothkamm K, Sommer S, Thierens H, Vandersickel V, Vral A, Wojcik A. Automatic scoring of dicentric chromosomes as a tool in large scale radiation accidents. Mutat Res. 2013 Aug 30;756(1-2):174-83. [PubMed Citation]
  11. Ainsbury EA, Vinnikov V, Puig P, Maznyk N, Rothkamm K, Lloyd DC. CytoBayesJ: software tools for Bayesian analysis of cytogenetic radiation dosimetry data. Mutat Res. 2013 Aug 30;756(1-2):184-91. [PubMed Citation]
  12. Flegal FN, Devantier Y, Marro L, Wilkins RC. Validation of QuickScan dicentric chromosome analysis for high throughput radiation biological dosimetry. Health Phys. 2012 Feb;102(2):143-53. [PubMed Citation]
  13. Ainsbury EA, Lloyd DC. Dose estimation software for radiation biodosimetry. Health Phys. 2010 Feb;98(2):290-5. [PubMed Citation]
  14. Cytogenetic Dosimetry: Applications in Preparedness for and Response to Radiation Emergencies, (IAEA, PAHO, WHO, September 2011)
  15. Vinnikov VA, Ainsbury EA, Maznyk NA, Lloyd DC, Rothkamm K. Limitations associated with analysis of cytogenetic data for biological dosimetry. Radiat Res. 2010 Oct;174(4):403-14. [PubMed Citation]
  16. Wilkins RC, Romm H, Kao TC, Awa AA, Yoshida MA, Livingston GK, Jenkins MS, Oestreicher U, Pellmar TC, Prasanna PG. Interlaboratory comparison of the dicentric chromosome assay for radiation biodosimetry in mass casualty events Radiat Res. 2008 May;169(5):551-60. [PubMed Citation]
  17. Prasanna PG, Moroni M, Pellmar TC. Triage dose assessment for partial-body exposure: dicentric analysis. Health Phys. 2010 Feb;98(2):244-51. [PubMed Citation]
  18. Fucic A, Zeljezic D, Kasuba V, Kopjar N, Rozgaj R, Lasan R, Mijic A, Hitrec V, Lucas JN. Stable and unstable chromosome aberrations measured after occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and ultrasound. Croat Med J. 2007 Jun;48(3):371-7. [PubMed Citation]
  19. Leonard A, Rueff J, Gerber GB, Leonard ED. Usefulness and limits of biological dosimetry based on cytogenetic methods. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2005;115(1-4):448-54. [PubMed Citation]
  20. Lloyd DC, Edwards AA, Moquet JE, Guerrero-Carbajal YC. The role of cytogenetics in early triage of radiation casualties. Appl Radiat Isot 2000 May;52(5):1107-12. [PubMed Citation]
  21. Brooks AL, Khan MA, Jostes RF, Cross FT. Metaphase chromosome aberrations as markers of radiation exposure and dose. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1993 Oct-Nov;40(2-3):277-88. [PubMed Citation]
  22. Bender MA, Gooch PC. Persistent chromosome aberrations in irradiated human subjects. Radiat Res. 1962 Jan;16:44-53. [PubMed Citation]
  23. Bender MA, Awa AA, Brooks AL, Evans HJ, Groer PG, Littlefield LG, Pereira C, Preston RJ, Wachholz BW. Current status of cytogenetic procedures to detect and quantify previous exposures to radiation. Mutat Res. 1988 Sep;196(2):103-59. [PubMed Citation]
See also:

top of page


The Importance of Standardizing Biodosimetry Laboratory Methods

  1. Romm H, Beinke C, Garcia O, Di Giorgio M, Gregoire E, Livingston G, Lloyd DC, Martìnez-Lopez W, Moquet JE, Sugarman SL, Wilkins RC, Ainsbury EA. A New Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Image Repository for the Dicentric Assay. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2016 Dec;172(1-3):192-200. [PubMed Citation]
  2. Ainsbury EA, Al-Hafidh J, Bajinskis A, Barnard S, Barquinero JF, Beinke C, de Gelder V, Gregoire E, Jaworska A, Lindholm C, Lloyd D, Moquet J, Nylund R, Oestreicher U, Roch-Lefevre S, Rothkamm K, Romm H, Scherthan H, Sommer S, Thierens H, Vandevoorde C, Vral A, Wojcik A. Inter- and intra-laboratory comparison of a multibiodosimetric approach to triage in a simulated, large scale radiation emergency. Int J Radiat Biol. 2014 Feb;90(2):193-202. [PubMed Citation]
  3. Romm H, Ainsbury E, Barnard S, Barrios L, Barquinero JF, Beinke C, Deperas M, Gregoire E, Koivistoinen A, Lindholm C, Moquet J, Oestreicher U, Puig R, Rothkamm K, Sommer S, Thierens H, Vandersickel V, Vral A, Wojcik A. Automatic scoring of dicentric chromosomes as a tool in large scale radiation accidents. Mutat Res. 2013 Aug 30;756(1-2):174-83. [PubMed Citation]
  4. Rothkamm K, Horn S, Scherthan H, Rossler U, De Amicis A, Barnard S, Kulka U, Lista F, Meineke V, Braselmann H, Beinke C, Abend M. Laboratory intercomparison on the γ-H2AX foci assay. Radiat Res. 2013 Aug;180(2):149-55. [PubMed Citation]
  5. Romm H, Barnard S, Boulay-Greene H, De Amicis A, De Sanctis S, Franco M, Herodin F, Jones A, Kulka U, Lista F, Martigne P, Moquet J, Oestreicher U, Rothkamm K, Thierens H, Valente M, Vandersickel V, Vral A, Braselmann H, Meineke V, Abend M, Beinke C. Laboratory intercomparison of the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. Radiat Res. 2013 Aug;180(2):120-8. [PubMed Citation]
  6. Beinke C, Barnard S, Boulay-Greene H, De Amicis A, De Sanctis S, Herodin F, Jones A, Kulka U, Lista F, Lloyd D, Martigne P, Moquet J, Oestreicher U, Romm H, Rothkamm K, Valente M, Meineke V, Braselmann H, Abend M. Laboratory intercomparison of the dicentric chromosome analysis assay. Radiat Res. 2013 Aug;180(2):129-37. [PubMed Citation]
  7. Rothkamm K, Beinke C, Romm H, Badie C, Balagurunathan Y, Barnard S, Bernard N, Boulay-Greene H, Brengues M, De Amicis A, De Sanctis S, Greither R, Herodin F, Jones A, Kabacik S, Knie T, Kulka U, Lista F, Martigne P, Missel A, Moquet J, Oestreicher U, Peinnequin A, Poyot T, Roessler U, Scherthan H, Terbrueggen B, Thierens H, Valente M, Vral A, Zenhausern F, Meineke V, Braselmann H, Abend M. Comparison of established and emerging biodosimetry assays. Radiat Res. 2013 Aug;180(2):111-9. [PubMed Citation]
  8. Cytogenetic Dosimetry: Applications in Preparedness for and Response to Radiation Emergencies, (IAEA, PAHO, WHO, September 2011)
  9. Di Giorgio M, Barquinero JF, Vallerga MB, et al. Biological dosimetry intercomparison exercise: an evaluation of triage and routine mode results by robust methods. Radiat Res. 2011 May;175(5):638-49. Epub 2011 Feb 9. [PubMed Citation]
  10. Beinke C, Braselmann H, Meineke V. Establishment of an x-ray standard calibration curve by conventional dicentric analysis as prerequisite for accurate radiation dose assessment. Health Phys. 2010 Feb;98(2):261-8.
  11. Wilkins RC, Romm H, Kao TC, Awa AA, Yoshida MA, Livingston GK, Jenkins MS, Oestreicher U, Pellmar TC, Prasanna PG. Interlaboratory comparison of the dicentric chromosome assay for radiation biodosimetry in mass casualty events Radiat Res. 2008 May;169(5):551-60. [PubMed Citation]
  12. Bauchinger M, Blakely WF, Darroudi F, Edwards A, Fenech M, Hayata I, Koteles GJ, Lindholm C, Lloyd D, Lucas J, Prasanna PGS, Roy L, Sorokine-Durm I, Turai I, Voisin P: Cytogenetic Analysis for Radiation Dose Assessment: A Manual. (PDF - 859 KB) IAEA Technical Report Series No. 405, pp.127, Vienna, 2001
  13. ISO 19238:2004. Radiation protection - performance criteria for service laboratories performing biological dosimetry by cytogenetics. International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
  14. Voisin P, Barquinero F, Blakely B, Lindholm C, Lloyd D, Luccioni C, Miller S, Palitti F, Prasanna PG, Stephan G, Thierens H, Turai I, Wilkinson D, Wojcik A. Towards a standardization of biological dosimetry by cytogenetics. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2002 Jul;48(5):501-4.

top of page


International Transport of Specimens

  1. Di Giorgio M, Radl A, Taja MR, Bubniak R, Deminge M, Sapienza C, Vazquez M, Baciu F, Kenny P. General guidelines for safe and expeditious international transport of samples subjected to biological dosimetry assessment. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2014 Jun;159(1-4):3-9. [PubMed Citation]

top of page


Using Biodosimetry to Assess Dose After Partial-body Irradiation

  1. Shirley BC, Knoll JHM, Moquet J, et al. Estimating partial body ionizing radiation exposure by automated cytogenetic biodosimetry [published online ahead of print, 2020 Sep 10]. Int J Radiat Biol. 2020;1-38. [PubMed Citation]
  2. Ostheim P, Haupt J, Herodin F, et al. miRNA Expression Patterns Differ by Total- or Partial-Body Radiation Exposure in Baboons. Radiat Res. 2019;192(6):579-588. [PubMed Citation]
  3. Vaurijoux A, Gregoire E, Roch-Lefevre S, Voisin P, Martin C, Voisin P, Roy L, Gruel G. Detection of partial-body exposure to ionizing radiation by the automatic detection of dicentrics. Radiat Res. 2012 Oct;178(4):357-64. [PubMed Citation]
  4. Horn S, Barnard S, Rothkamm K. Gamma-H2AX-based dose estimation for whole and partial body radiation exposure. PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e25113. [PubMed Citation]
  5. Redon CE, Nakamura AJ, Gouliaeva K, Rahman A, Blakely WF, Bonner WM. Q(γ-H2AX), an analysis method for partial-body radiation exposure using γ-H2AX in nonhuman primate lymphocytes. Radiat Meas. 2011 Sep 1;46(9):877-881. [PubMed Citation]
  6. Prasanna PG, Blakely WF, Bertho JM, Chute JP, Cohen EP, Goans RE, Grace MB, Lillis-Hearne PK, Lloyd DC, Lutgens LC, Meineke V, Ossetrova NI, Romanyukha A, Saba JD, Weisdorf DJ, Wojcik A, Yukihara EG, Pellmar TC. Synopsis of partial-body radiation diagnostic biomarkers and medical management of radiation injury workshop. Radiat Res. 2010 Feb;173(2):245-53. [PubMed Citation]
  7. Ainsbury EA, Livingston GK, Abbott MG, Moquet JE, Hone PA, Jenkins MS, Christensen DM, Lloyd DC, Rothkamm K. Interlaboratory variation in scoring dicentric chromosomes in a case of partial-body x-ray exposure: implications for biodosimetry networking and cytogenetic "triage mode" scoring. Radiat Res. 2009 Dec;172(6):746-52. [PubMed Citation]
  8. Prasanna PG, Moroni M, Pellmar TC. Triage dose assessment for partial-body exposure: dicentric analysis. Health Phys. 2010 Feb;98(2):244-51. [PubMed Citation]

top of page


Using Biodosimetry After Protracted Exposure Or Delayed Analysis

  1. Livingston GK, Escalona M, Foster A, Balajee AS. Persistent in vivo cytogenetic effects of radioiodine therapy: a 21-year follow-up study using multicolor FISH. J Radiat Res. 2018 Jan 1;59(1):10-17. [PubMed Citation]
  2. Bertho JM, Roy L. A rapid multiparametric method for victim triage in cases of accidental protracted irradiation or delayed analysis. Br J Radiol. 2009 Aug;82(981):764-70. [PubMed Citation]

top of page


Increasing Biodosimetry Laboratory Surge Capacity for Large Emergencies

US National

  1. Sullivan JM, Prasanna PG, Grace MB, Wathen LK, Wallace RL, Koerner JF, Coleman CN. Assessment of biodosimetry methods for a mass-casualty radiological incident: medical response and management considerations. Health Phys. 2013 Dec;105(6):540-54 [PubMed Citation]
  2. Xu Y, Turner HC, Garty G, Brenner D. A Rapid, Quantitative Method to Characterize The Human Lymphocyte Concentration for Automated High-Throughput Radiation Biodosimetry. Biomed Eng Res. 2013 Mar;2(1):16-19. [PubMed Citation]
  3. Swartz HM, Flood AB, Gougelet RM, Rea ME, Nicolalde RJ, Williams BB. A critical assessment of biodosimetry methods for large-scale incidents. Health Phys. 2010 Feb;98(2):95-108. [PubMed Citation]
  4. Williams BB, Dong R, Flood AB, Grinberg O, Kmiec M, Lesniewski PN, Matthews TP, Nicolalde RJ, Raynolds T, Salikhov IK, Swartz HM. A deployable in vivo EPR tooth dosimeter for triage after a radiation event involving large populations. Radiat Meas. 2011 Sep 1;46(9):772-777. [PubMed Citation]
  5. Public Health Laboratories: Protecting the nation's health, 2012 APHL All-hazards preparedness report (Association of Public Health Laboratories, May 2012)
  6. Albanese J, Martens K, Arnold JL, et al., Building Connecticut's clinical biodosimetry laboratory surge capacity to mitigate the health consequences of radiological and nuclear disasters: a collaborative approach between the state biodosimetry laboratory and Connecticut's medical infrastructure. Radiation Measurements 2007;42(6-7)1138-1142.
  7. Alexander GA, et al., BiodosEPR-2006 Meeting: Acute dosimetry consensus committee recommendations on biodosimetry applications in events involving uses of radiation by terrorists and radiation accidents. Radiat Meas. 2007 July;42(6-7):972-96.

International

  1. Global Nuclear Response Network Launches (IAEA, 2008)
  2. WHO BioDoseNet (WHO)
  3. RENEB (Realizing the European Network of Biodosimetry)
    • Coordination Action (CSA-CA) project founded within the 7th EU framework EURATOM Fission Programme.
    • The goal of RENEB is to establish sustainable European network in biological dosimetry involving laboratories and organisations from 16 countries that can support in a coordinated way the response in case of major nuclear or radiological emergency in Europe.
  4. MULTIBIODOSE
    • The purpose of this multi-disciplinary collaborative project is to analyse a variety of biodosimetric tools and adapt them to different mass casualty scenarios.
    • It is envisaged that the project will result in an establishment of a biodosimetric network that is fully functional and ready to respond in case of a mass casualty.
  5. Kulka U, Ainsbury L, Atkinson M, Barnard S, Smith R, Barquinero JF, Barrios L, Bassinet C, Beinke C, Cucu A, Darroudi F, Fattibene P, Bortolin E, Monaca SD, Gil O, Gregoire E, Hadjidekova V, Haghdoost S, Hatzi V, Hempel W, Herranz R, Jaworska A, Lindholm C, Lumniczky K, M'kacher R, Mortl S, Montoro A, Moquet J, Moreno M, Noditi M, Ogbazghi A, Oestreicher U, Palitti F, Pantelias G, Popescu I, Prieto MJ, Roch-Lefevre S, Roessler U, Romm H, Rothkamm K, Sabatier L, Sebastia, Sommer S, Terzoudi G, Testa A, Thierens H, Trompier F, Turai I, Vandevoorde C, Vaz P, Voisin P, Vral A, Ugletveit F, Wieser A, Woda C, Wojcik A. REALISING THE EUROPEAN NETWORK OF BIODOSIMETRY: RENEB-STATUS QUO. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2014 Sep 9. [PubMed Citation]
  6. Romm H, Ainsbury E, Barnard S, Barrios L, Barquinero JF, Beinke C, Deperas M, Gregoire E, Koivistoinen A, Lindholm C, Moquet J, Oestreicher U, Puig R, Rothkamm K, Sommer S, Thierens H, Vandersickel V, Vral A, Wojcik A. Automatic scoring of dicentric chromosomes as a tool in large scale radiation accidents. Mutat Res. 2013 Aug 30;756(1-2):174-83. [PubMed Citation]
  7. Rothkamm K, Barnard S, Ainsbury EA, Al-Hafidh J, Barquinero JF, Lindholm C, Moquet J, Perala M, Roch-Lefevre S, Scherthan H, Thierens H, Vral A, Vandersickel V. Manual versus automated γ-H2AX foci analysis across five European laboratories: can this assay be used for rapid biodosimetry in a large scale radiation accident? Mutat Res. 2013 Aug 30;756(1-2):170-3. [PubMed Citation]
  8. Kulka U, Ainsbury L, Atkinson M, Barquinero JF, Barrios L, Beinke C, Bognar G, Cucu A, Darroudi F, Fattibene P, Gil O, Gregoire E, Hadjidekova V, Haghdoost S, Herranz R, Jaworska A, Lindholm C, Mkacher R, Mortl S, Montoro A, Moquet J, Moreno M, Ogbazghi A, Oestreicher U, Palitti F, Pantelias G, Popescu I, Prieto MJ, Romm H, Rothkamm K, Sabatier L, Sommer S, Terzoudi G, Testa A, Thierens H, Trompier F, Turai I, Vandersickel V, Vaz P, Voisin P, Vral A, Ugletveit F, Woda C, Wojcik A. Realising the European Network of Biodosimetry (RENEB). Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2012 Oct;151(4):621-5. [PubMed Citation]
  9. Flegal FN, Devantier Y, Marro L, Wilkins RC. Validation of QuickScan dicentric chromosome analysis for high throughput radiation biological dosimetry. Health Phys. 2012 Feb;102(2):143-53. [PubMed Citation]
  10. Maznyk NA, Wilkins RC, Carr Z, Lloyd DC, The capacity, capabilities and needs of the WHO BioDoseNet member laboratories. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2012;151(4):611-20. [PubMed Citation]
  11. Latshaw M, Mangal C, Berkey A, Public health laboratories and radiological readiness. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2011 Oct;5(3):213-7. [PubMed Citation]
  12. Romm H, Wilkins RC, Coleman CN, Lillis-Hearne PK, Pellmar TC, Livingston GK, Awa AA, Jenkins MS, Yoshida MA, Oestreicher U, Prasanna PG. Biological dosimetry by the triage dicentric chromosome assay: potential implications for treatment of acute radiation syndrome in radiological mass casualties. Radiat Res. 2011 Mar;175(3):397-404. [PubMed Citation]
  13. Flood AB, Nicolalde RJ, Demidenko E, Williams BB, Shapiro A, Wiley AL Jr, Swartz HM. A Framework for Comparative Evaluation of Dosimetric Methods to Triage a Large Population Following a Radiological Event. Radiat Meas. 2011 Sep 1;46(9):916-922. [PubMed Citation]
  14. Li C, Inn KG, Jones R et al., International workshop on emergency radiobioassay: considerations, gaps, and recommendations. Health Phys. 2011 Aug;101(2):107-11. [PubMed Citation]
  15. Li C, Vlahovich S, Dai X, et al. Requirements for radiation emergency during bioassay techniques for the public and first responders. Health Phys. 2010 Nov;99(5):702-7. [PubMed Citation]
  16. Chauhan V, Wilkins RC. Report of the workshop on biological dosimetry: increasing capacity for emergency response. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2010 Nov;142(1):2-7. [PubMed Citation]
  17. Wojcik A, Lloyd D, Romm H, Roy L. Biological dosimetry for triage of casualties in a large-scale radiological emergency: capacity of the EU member states. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2010 Mar;138(4):397-401. [PubMed Citation]
  18. Christie DH, Chu MC, Carr Z. Global networking for biodosimetry laboratory capacity surge in radiation emergencies. Health Phys. 2010; 98(2):168-171. [PubMed Citation]
  19. Blakely WF, Carr Z et al., WHO 1st consultation on the development of a global biodosimetry network for radiation emergencies (BioDoseNet). Radiat Res. 2009 Jan;171(1):127-39. [PubMed Citation]
  20. Miller SM, Ferrarotto CL, Vlahovich S, Wilkins RC, et al., Canadian Cytogenetic Emergency Network (CN) for biological dosimetry following radiological/nuclear accidents, Int J. Radiat. Biol 2007;83(7):471-477. [PubMed Citation]
  21. Leonard A, Rueff J, Gerber GB, Leonard ED. Usefulness and limits of biological dosimetry based on cytogenetic methods. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2005;115(1-4):448-54. [PubMed Citation]

top of page


Other Biodosimetry Techniques As Clinical Biodosimetry Tools

  1. Satyamitra MM, Cassatt DR, Hollingsworth BA, Price PW, Rios CI, Taliaferro LP, Winters TA, DiCarlo AL. Metabolomics in Radiation Biodosimetry: Current Approaches and Advances. Metabolites. 2020 Aug 11;10(8):328. [PubMed Citation]
  2. Lacombe J, Sima C, Amundson SA, Zenhausern F. Candidate gene biodosimetry markers of exposure to external ionizing radiation in human blood: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2018 Jun 7;13(6). [PubMed Citation]
  3. Słonecka I, Łukasik K, Fornalski KW. Analytical and quasi-Bayesian methods as development of the iterative approach for mixed radiation biodosimetry. Radiat Environ Biophys. 2018 Jun 4. [PubMed Citation]
  4. Roh C. Metabolomics in Radiation-Induced Biological Dosimetry: A Mini-Review and a Polyamine Study. Biomolecules. 2018 May 29;8(2). [PubMed Citation]
  5. Aryankalayil MJ, Chopra S, Makinde A, Eke I, Levin J, Shankavaram U, MacMillan L, Vanpouille-Box C, Demaria S, Coleman CN. Microarray analysis of miRNA expression profiles following whole body irradiation in a mouse model. Biomarkers. 2018 Jun 19:1-15. [PubMed Citation]
  6. Higueras M, González JE, Di Giorgio M, Barquinero JF. A note on Poisson goodness-of-fit tests for ionizing radiation induced chromosomal aberration samples. Int J Radiat Biol. 2018 Jun 13:1-8. [PubMed Citation]
  7. Sun L, Inaba Y, Sato K, Hirayama A, Tsuboi K, Okazaki R, Chida K, Moritake T. Dose-dependent decrease in anti-oxidant capacity of whole blood after irradiation: A novel potential marker for biodosimetry. Sci Rep. 2018 May 9;8(1):7425. [PubMed Citation]
  8. Chen Z, Coy SL, Pannkuk EL, Laiakis EC, Fornace AJ Jr, Vouros P. Differential Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry (DMS-MS) in Radiation Biodosimetry: Rapid and High-Throughput Quantitation of Multiple Radiation Biomarkers in Nonhuman Primate Urine. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 2018 May 7. [PubMed Citation]
  9. Kiang JG, Smith JT, Hegge SR, Ossetrova NI. Circulating Cytokine/Chemokine Concentrations Respond to Ionizing Radiation Doses but not Radiation Dose Rates: Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor and Interleukin-18. Radiat Res. 2018 Jun;189(6):634-643. [PubMed Citation]
  10. Rong Z, Xiao R, Xing S, Xiong G, Yu Z, Wang L, Jia X, Wang K, Cong Y, Wang S. SERS-based lateral flow assay for quantitative detection of C-reactive protein as an early bio-indicator of a radiation-induced inflammatory response in nonhuman primates. Analyst. 2018 Apr 30;143(9):2115-2121. [PubMed Citation]
  11. Vera NB, Chen Z, Pannkuk E, Laiakis EC, Fornace AJ Jr, Erion DM, Coy SL, Pfefferkorn JA, Vouros P. Differential Mobility Spectrometry (DMS) Reveals the Elevation of Urinary Acetylcarnitine in Non-Human Primates (NHPs) Exposed to Radiation. J Mass Spectrom. 2018 Mar 29. [PubMed Citation]
  12. Tomasik B, Fendler W, Chowdhury D. Serum microRNAs - potent biomarkers for radiation biodosimetry. Oncotarget. 2018 Feb 2;9(18):14038-14039. [PubMed Citation]
  13. Nayak AA, Mumbrekar KD, Rao BSS. Pharmacological approach to increasing the retention of radiation-induced γ-H2AX foci using phosphatase inhibitors: significance in radiation biodosimetry. J Radiol Prot. 2018 Feb 15;38(1):318-328. [PubMed Citation]
  14. Grégoire E, Roy L, Buard V, Delbos M, Durand V, Martin-Bodiot C, Voisin P, Sorokine-Durm I, Vaurijoux A, Voisin P, Baldeyron C, Barquinero JF. Twenty years of FISH-based translocation analysis for retrospective ionizing radiation biodosimetry. Int J Radiat Biol. 2018 Mar;94(3):248-258. [PubMed Citation]
  15. Nayak AA, Mumbrekar KD, Rao S. Pharmacological approach to increase the retention of radiation induced gamma-H2AX foci using phosphatase inhibitors: significance in radiation biodosimetry. J Radiol Prot. 2018 Jan 22. [PubMed Citation]
  16. Rudqvist N, Laiakis EC, Ghandhi SA, Kumar S, Knotts JD, Chowdhury M, Fornace AJ Jr, Amundson SA. Global Gene Expression Response in Mouse Models of DNA Repair Deficiency after Gamma Irradiation. Radiat Res. 2018 Apr;189(4):337-344. [PubMed Citation]
  17. Bahreyni-Toossi MT, Vosoughi H, Azimian H, Rezaei AR, Momennezhad M. In vivo Exposure Effects of 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile on the FDXR and XPA Genes Expression in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes. Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Biol. 2018 Winter;6(1):32-40. [PubMed Citation]
  18. Aryankalayil MJ, Chopra S, Levin J, Eke I, Makinde A, Das S, Shankavaram U, Vanpouille-Box C, Demaria S, Coleman CN. Radiation-Induced Long Noncoding RNAs in a Mouse Model after Whole-Body Irradiation. Radiat Res. 2018 Mar;189(3):251-263. [PubMed Citation]
  19. Noda A. Radiation-induced unrepairable DSBs: their role in the late effects of radiation and possible applications to biodosimetry. J Radiat Res. 2018 Apr 1;59(suppl_2):ii114-ii120. [PubMed Citation]
  20. Li S, Lu X, Feng JB, Tian M, Liu QJ. Identification and Validation of Candidate Radiation-responsive Genes for Human Biodosimetr. Biomed Environ Sci. 2017 Nov;30(11):834-840. [PubMed Citation]
  21. Bensimon Etzol J, Valente M, Altmeyer S, Bettencourt C, Bouvet S, Cosler G, Desangles F, Drouet M, Entine F, Hérodin F, Jourquin F, Lecompte Y, Martigne P, Michel X, Pateux J, Ugolin N, Chevillard S. DosiKit, a New Portable Immunoassay for Fast External Irradiation Biodosimetry. Radiat Res. 2017 Dec 7. [PubMed Citation]
  22. Yu XP, Wu YM, Liu Y, Tian M, Wang JD, Ding KK, Ma T, Zhou PK. IER5 is involved in DNA Double-Strand Breaks Repair in Association with PAPR1 in Hela Cells. Int J Med Sci. 2017 Sep 30;14(12):1292-1300. [PubMed Citation]
  23. Tolstykh EI, Degteva MO, Vozilova AV, Anspaugh LR. Local bone-marrow exposure: how to interpret the data on stable chromosome aberrations in circulating lymphocytes? (some comments on the use of FISH method for dose reconstruction for Techa riverside Residents). Radiat Environ Biophys. 2017 Nov;56(4):389-403. [PubMed Citation]
  24. Pannkuk EL, Laiakis EC, Singh VK, Fornace AJ. Lipidomic Signatures of Nonhuman Primates with Radiation-Induced Hematopoietic Syndrome. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 29;7(1):9777. [PubMed Citation]
  25. Laiakis EC, Pannkuk EL, Chauthe SK, Wang YW, Lian M, Mak TD, Barker CA, Astarita G, Fornace AJ Jr. A Serum Small Molecule Biosignature of Radiation Exposure from Total Body Irradiated Patients. J Proteome Res. 2017 Oct 6;16(10):3805-3815. [PubMed Citation]
  26. Umakoshi M, Yamaguchi I, Hirata H, Kunugita N, Williams BB, Swartz HM, Miyake M. In Vivo Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Tooth Dosimetry: Dependence of Radiation-Induced Signal Amplitude on the Enamel Thickness and Surface Area of Ex Vivo Human Teeth. Health Phys. 2017 Oct;113(4):262-270. [PubMed Citation]
  27. Kumar A, Choudhary S, Adhikari JS, Chaudhury NK. Sesamol ameliorates radiation induced DNA damage in hematopoietic system of whole body γ-irradiated mice. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2018 Jan;59(1):79-90. [PubMed Citation]
  28. Pannkuk EL, Fornace AJ Jr, Laiakis EC. Metabolomic applications in radiation biodosimetry: exploring radiation effects through small molecules. Int J Radiat Biol. 2017 Oct;93(10):1151-1176. [PubMed Citation]
  29. Pernot E, Cardis E, Badie C. Usefulness of saliva samples for biomarker studies in radiation research. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2014 Dec;23(12):2673-80. [PubMed Citation]
  30. Rothkamm K, Barnard S, Ainsbury EA, Al-Hafidh J, Barquinero JF, Lindholm C, Moquet J, Perala M, Roch-Lefevre S, Scherthan H, Thierens H, Vral A, Vandersickel V. Manual versus automated γ-H2AX foci analysis across five European laboratories: can this assay be used for rapid biodosimetry in a large scale radiation accident? Mutat Res. 2013 Aug 30;756(1-2):170-3. [PubMed Citation]
  31. Tucker JD, Vadapalli M, Joiner MC, Ceppi M, Fenech M, Bonassi S. Estimating the lowest detectable dose of ionizing radiation by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. Radiat Res. 2013 Sep;180(3):284-91. [PubMed Citation]
  32. High dose radiation effects and tissue injury, Report of the Independent Advisory Group on Ionising Radiation, Table 4.4, page 41 (Public Health England [PHE], formerly Health Protection Agency [HPA], UK) (PDF - 865 KB)
  33. Williams BB, Dong R, Flood AB, Grinberg O, Kmiec M, Lesniewski PN, Matthews TP, Nicolalde RJ, Raynolds T, Salikhov IK, Swartz HM. A deployable in vivo EPR tooth dosimeter for triage after a radiation event involving large populations. Radiat Meas. 2011 Sep 1;46(9):772-777. [PubMed Citation]
  34. Blakely WF, Ossetrova NI, Whitnall MH, Sandgren DJ, Krivokrysenko VI, Shakhov A, Feinstein E. Multiple parameter radiation injury assessment using a nonhuman primate radiation model-biodosimetry applications. Health Phys. 2010 Feb;98(2):153-9. [PubMed Citation]
  35. Graessle DH, Fliedner TM. Computer-assisted severity of effect assessment of hematopoietic cell renewal after radiation exposure based on mathematical models. Health Phys. 2010 Feb;98(2):282-9. [PubMed Citation]
  36. Ainsbury EA, Lloyd DC. Dose estimation software for radiation biodosimetry. Health Phys. 2010 Feb;98(2):290-5. [PubMed Citation]
  37. Bertho JM, Roy L, Souidi M, Benderitter M, Gueguen Y, Lataillade JJ, Prat M, Fagot T, De Revel T, Gourmelon P. New biological indicators to evaluate and monitor radiation-induced damage: an accident case report. Radiat Res. 2008 May;169(5):543-50. [PubMed Citation]
  38. Alexander GA, et al., BiodosEPR-2006 Meeting: Acute dosimetry consensus committee recommendations on biodosimetry applications in events involving uses of radiation by terrorists and radiation accidents. Radiat Meas. 2007 July;42(6-7):972-96.
  39. Dainiak N, Berger P, Albanese J. Relevance and feasibility of multi-parameter assessment for management of mass casualties from a radiological event. Exp Hematol. 2007 Apr;35(4 Suppl 1):17-23. [PubMed Citation]
  40. Albanese J, Martens K, Karkanitsa LV, Dainiak N. Multivariate analysis of low-dose radiation-associated changes in cytokine gene expression profiles using microarray technology. Exp Hematol. 2007 Apr;35(4 Suppl 1):47-54. [PubMed Citation]
  41. Chao NJ. Accidental or intentional exposure to ionizing radiation: biodosimetry and treatment options. Exp Hematol. 2007 Apr;35(4 Suppl 1):24-7. [PubMed Citation]
  42. Blakely WF, Salter CA, Prasanna PGS. Early-response biological dosimetry-Recommended countermeasure enhancements for mass-casualty radiological incidents and terrorism. Health Phy 2005 89(5):494-504. [PubMed Citation]
  43. Prasanna PGS, Blakely WF. Premature chromosome condensation in human resting peripheral blood lymphocytes for chromosome aberration analysis using specific whole-chromosome DNA hybridization probes. Methods Mol Biol 2005 291:49-57. [PubMed Citation]
  44. Prasanna PG, Escalada ND, Blakely WF. Induction of premature chromosome condensation by a phosphatase inhibitor and a protein kinase in unstimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes: a simple and rapid technique to study chromosome aberrations using specific whole-chromosome DNA hybridization probes for biological dosimetry. Mutat Res 2000 Mar 23;466(2):131-41. [PubMed Citation]

top of page


Classical Books and Manuscripts About Biodosimetry

  1. Christensen DM, Sugarman SL, O'Hara FM, eds.: The Medical Basis for Radiation-Accident Preparedness/Medical Management, Proceedings of the Fifth International REAC/TS Symposium on the Medical Basis for Radiation-Accident Preparedness and the Biodosimetry Workshop, September 2011 in Miami, Florida, Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU), Oak Ridge, TN 37830, published 2013
  2. Cytogenetic Dosimetry: Applications in Preparedness for and Response to Radiation Emergencies, (IAEA, PAHO, WHO, September 2011)
  3. Lloyd DC. Chromosomal analysis to assess radiation dose. Stem Cells. 197; 15(Suppl 2):195-201
  4. Goans RE, Holloway EC, Berger ME, Ricks RC. Early dose assessment in criticality accidents. Health Phys. 2001;81:446-9. [PubMed Citation]
  5. Goans RE (2001) Clinical care of the radiation-accident patient: patient presentation, assessment, and initial diagnosis. In: Ricks RC, Berger ME, Ohara FM, Jr. (eds) The Medical Basis for Radiation-Accident Preparedness, The Clinical Care of Victims, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference REAC/TS Conference on The Medical Basis of Radiation Accident Preparedness, Orlando, FL, March 2001. Boca Raton, FL: The Parthenon Publishing, pp 11-22.
  6. Guskova AK, Baranov AE, Gusev IA. Acute radiation sickness: underlying principles and assessment. In: Gusev AE, Guskova AK, Mettler FA Jr, eds. Medical management of radiation accidents. Washington, DC: CRC Press; 2001: pages 33-51.
  7. MacVittie TJ, Weiss JF, Browne D (eds) (1996) Advances in the Treatment of Radiation Injuries, Vol. 94. Advances in the Biosciences. Oxford: Pergamon.
  8. Baranov AE, Densow D, Fliedner TM, Kindler H (1994) Clinical Pre Computer Performa for the International Computer Database for Radiation Exposure Case Histories. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer-Verlag.
  9. Dons RF, Cerveny TJ (1989) Triage and treatment of radiation-injured mass casualties. In: Walker RI, Cerveny TJ (eds) Medical Consequences of Nuclear Warfare, Part I, Vol. 2. In: Zajtchuk R, Jenkins DP, Bellamy RF, Ingram VM (eds) Textbook of Military Medicine. Falls Church, VA: Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army, United States of America, pp 37-54.
  10. Gusev IA, Guskova AK, Mettler FA Jr, eds.: Medical Management of Radiation Accidents, 2nd ed. Boca Raton, Fl: CRC Press, 2001.
  11. Jarrett, DG (1999) Medical Management of Radiological Casualties, First Edition (Special Publication 99-2; PDF available afrri.usuhs.edu/). Bethesda, MD: Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute.
  12. Waselenko JK, MacVittie TJ, Blakely WF, Pesik N, Wiley AL, Dickerson WE, Tsu H, Confer DL, Coleman CN, Seed T, Lowry P, Armitage JO, Dainiak N. Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group. Medical management of the acute radiation syndrome: recommendations of the Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group. Ann Intern Med. 2004 Jun 15;140(12):1037-51. [PubMed Citation]
  13. Mettler FA Jr, Upton AC: Medical Effects of Ionizing Radiation, 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier, 2008.

top of page


Correlation of Radiation Dose with Signs and Symptoms

  1. Port M, Majewski M, Abend M. Radiation dose is of limited clinical usefulness in persons with acute radiation syndrome. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2019 Apr 25. [PubMed Citation]
  2. METREPOL guidance, with some updates, has been incorporated in various places into the TMT book: Triage, Monitoring and Treatment of people exposed to ionising radiation following a malevolent act (PDF - 11 MB) (Chapter J, Table J8) (TMT Handbook Partners, March 2009)
  3. Fliedner TM, Friesecke I, Beyrer K. Medical Management of Radiation Accidents: Manual on the Acute Radiation Syndrome. (METREPOL) (PDF - 970 KB) (originally published by Oxford: British Institute of Radiology; 2001) Compendium to the main METREPOL document (PDF - 580 KB)
  4. Gorin NC, Fliedner TM, Gourmelon P, Ganser A, Meineke V, Sirohi B, Powles R, Apperley J. Consensus conference on European preparedness for haematological and other medical management of mass radiation accidents. Ann Hematol. 2006 Oct;85(10):671-9. [PubMed Citation]
  5. Fliedner TM, Dorr HD, Meineke V. Multi-organ involvement as a pathogenetic principle of the radiation syndromes: a study involving 110 case histories document in SEARCH and classified as the bases of haematopoietic indicators of effect. BJR Suppl. 2005;27:1-8.
  6. Fliedner TM. Nuclear terrorism: the role of hematology in coping with its health consequences. Curr Opin Hematol. 2006 Nov;13(6):436-44. [PubMed Citation]
  7. Fliedner TM, Graessle D, Meineke V, Dorr H. Pathophysiological principles underlying the blood cell concentration responses used to assess the severity of effect after accidental whole-body radiation exposure: an essential basis for an evidence-based clinical triage. Exp Hematol. 2007 Apr;35(4 Suppl 1):8-16. [PubMed Citation]
  8. Fliedner TM, Friesecke I, Beyrer K. Medical Management of Radiation Accidents: Manual on the Acute Radiation Syndrome. (METREPOL) (PDF - 970 KB) (originally published by Oxford: British Institute of Radiology; 2001) Compendium to the main METREPOL document (PDF - 580 KB)
  9. Anno GH, Baum SJ, Withers HR, Young RW. Symptomatology of acute radiation effects in humans after exposure to doses of 0.5-30 Gy. Health Phys. 1989 Jun;56(6):821-38. [PubMed Citation]
  10. High dose radiation effects and tissue injury, Report of the Independent Advisory Group on Ionising Radiation, Table 4.4, page 41 (Public Health England [PHE], formerly Health Protection Agency [HPA], UK) (PDF - 865 KB)
  11. Ghandhi SA, Smilenov LB, Elliston CD, Chowdhury M, Amundson SA. Radiation dose-rate effects on gene expression for human biodosimetry. BMC Med Genomics. 2015 May 12;8:22. [PubMed Citation]

See also:

top of page


Biodosimetry Techniques Useful for Radiation Epidemiology

  1. Bazyka D, Finch SC, Ilienko IM, Lyaskivska O, Dyagil I, Trotsiuk N, Gudzenko N, Chumak VV, Walsh KM, Wiemels J, Little MP, Zablotska LB. Buccal mucosa micronuclei counts in relation to exposure to low dose-rate radiation from the Chornobyl nuclear accident and other medical and occupational radiation exposures. Environ Health. 2017 Jun 23;16(1):70. [PubMed Citation]
  2. Simon SL, Bouville A, Kleinerman R. Current use and future needs of biodosimetry in studies of long-term health risk following radiation exposure. Health Phys 2010 Feb; 98(2): 109-17. [PubMed Citation]
  3. Radiation Dosimetry Monograph: "Applications of Dosimetry in Radiation Epidemiology" (Radiation Research, July 2006, Volume 166, Number 1. Special Supplement) (HHS/National Cancer Institute/Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics)

top of page


The AFRRI Biodosimetry Assessment Tool (BAT) Computer Program

  1. See list of published references

top of page